Year XX, no.1 / 2010:



THE ATTRIBUTE OF NATURAL AS STARTING POINT FOR LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY. DEBATE ON ITS GEOGRAPHICAL, LINGUISTIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND HERMENEUTICAL APPROACHES

Iulian DINCA, Dana SALA

         Abstract: The study explores the relationship nature-individual in terms of landscape diversity, after passing through a conceptual filter. The filter is determined by the attribute of natural referring generally and factually to landscapes. The inputs of matter, energy and information are engaged both in the morpho-structural aspects of landscapes and in the environmental behaviour (following nature's course or man-induced) of landscape components. The result is the diversity of landscapes expressed in different states of naturalness. There is an inescapable diversity of the natural of landscapes in the linguistic dimension, conveyed both by amateurs and by the specialists. When the natural is present in form of some components, people tend to extrapolate the interpretation of the naturalness of that landscape, without the reality showing it through inventory and functioning. An admixture between a variable content of natural and of artificial components makes up the dose of naturalness of landscapes, correctly called sub-natural. The relevance of the study is given by the emphasis on the distancing between the emergence of the syntagma natural landscape and its terminological usage. This distancing is bigger than the cleavage between the social assimilation of the word and the society reacting to it in a practical way. ( pdf.)



SOME CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE ANTHROPIC GEOMORPHOSTRUCTURES RESULTING FROM MINING ACTIVITIES IN CENTRAL-WESTERN SECTOR OF METALIFERI MOUNTAINS (APUSENI MOUNTAINS, HUNEDOARA COUNTY, ROMANIA)

Dorina Camelia ILIES, Olivier DEHOORNE, Lucian BLAGA, Stefan BAIAS

         Abstract: Knowing the territorial realities in the Apuseni Mountains, the changes generated by the anthropic activities and their analysis, imposes the identification of hazards and natural and anthropic risks, in order to find some solutions and optimal models of management, fitting and protection based on strategies of functional and aesthetic reintegration of the degraded areas; the foundation for organizing and restructuring of the geographic areas is ensured by a range of thematic maps. The main sources for data collection and processing were: field investigations, analogical products as well as other sources of non-cartographic data: official reports, syntheses and annuaries of the approved institutions. There were inventoried 22 waste dumps, quarries and sumps resulting from the mining of non-ferrous ore, the industry of non-ferrous metallurgy, thermoenergy and the coal industry. For their typification we tried to use a set of unitary criteria. ( pdf.)



THE CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BALNEO-CLIMATIC STANA DE VALE RESORT WHICH AIM AT TOURISTIC EXPLOITATION

Ovidiu GACEU

         Abstract: The balneo-climatic Stana de Vale resort, situated in the homonym depression from the Bihor-Vladeasa Mountains has a favourable climate for the touristic activities throughout the year, fact which was proved by the meteorological data measured between 1979-2000, which highlight the soft wind and calm, the long-lasting of the snow stratum and its significant consistency, the cool and wet air, the significant shining of the Sun and the stratified nebulosity which prevents the excessive cooling through the night. ( pdf.)



ANALYSIS OF SNOW AVALANCHE FROM MARS 07, 2007 WITHIN THE CALTUN-NEGOIU AREA, IN THE FAGARAS MASSIF (SOUTHERN CARPATHIANS)

Mircea VOICULESCU, Alexandru ONACA, Narcisa MILIAN, Florina ARDELEAN, Marcel TOROK, Mihaela STANCESCU

         Abstract: On March 7th, 2007, in the Caltun-Negoiu region two large snow avalanches have occurred: one on the eastern slope, the other on the western slope. The last snow avalanche has caught 10 climbers who were in a training session and who did not heed to the warnings issued by the Public Service SALVAMONT Balea Lake. The purpose of this study is to assess the topographical factors and climatic variables which have determined the accumulation of snow on one hand and on the other is to highlight the outbreak and the onset of snow avalanches. Therefore, using GIS, we have analyzed the topographic factors in order to obtain thematic maps (elevation, slope and aspect) and weather variables (temperature, solid precipitation and snow depth). In the same context, we have analyzed the synoptic situation and the changing weather and snow parameters using nivologic polls obtained by the members of the Nivologic Laboratory of Bālea Lake. For the analysis of our results we used CROCUS Program MEPRA PC, version Romania 2004. ( pdf.)



MORPHOLOGY OF THE LAKE BASIN AND THE NATURE OF SEDIMENTS IN THE AREA OF RED LAKE (ROMANIA)

Gheorghe ROMANESCU, Cristian STOLERIU, Angela LUPASCU

         Abstract: Red Lake in Hasmas (Curmaturii) Mountains was formed by the natural barrage of the Bicaz brook in 1837. In a transversal profile, the western bank is steeper and hard (lithologically), and the eastern bank is mild and crumbly (landslide diluvium). In the same way the submerse slopes are maintained as well. The transport of the sedimentary material depends on the immerse slope, but also on the submerse slope. The central sectors, with great depths, have finer sediments, and the sectors situated immediately next to the river mouths have coarser particles. The total organic carbon and humus are distributed in such a way that they reflect a close connection between the development of vegetation and the zone with immediate impact with the river mouths of the brooks tributary to the lacustrine basin. In the spillway sectors of the main brooks, where important amounts of organic silt can be found, large wetlands develop. ( pdf.)



ASPECTS REGARDING THE RESISTANCE TO EROSION OF THE ROCKS FROM VALEA IADULUI DRAINAGE BASIN

Mihai VLAICU

         Abstract: The following paper presents information regarding the resistance to erosion of the rocks from Valea Iadului (Hell's Valley) drainage basin, based on the observation comprised by the geological sheets of Remeti and Simleu. Thus, one has determined the surfaces of volcanogenic-sedimentary formations dating from the Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Quaternary periods as well as their resistance to erosion, by means of Frewert's index (1955). Finally, the geological map of erosion has been drawn for the drainage basin of Valea Iadului, highlighting the small values of geological erosion which determines a high slope stability, a reduced landform fragmentation as well as a small quantity of alluvial deposits transported in suspension by the drainage network. ( pdf.)



FACTORS THAT TRIGGERED WINDTHROWS WITHIN THE UPPER BASIN OF THE LUNCAVAT RIVER BETWEEN 2nd AND 4th OF JUNE 2009

Maria COSCONEA

         Abstract: This paper - a case study - is aimed to analyze the ensemble of factors connected to the 2-4 June 2009 windthrows and wind brakes in the upper basin of the Luncavat River forests. It was the configuration of baric systems crossing Romania which enabled abundant rainfalls on June 3rd, weakening the resistance of tree roots, while strong winds blowing V, NV-SE across the Northern Oltenia highlands on June 4th and directed along the Luncavat River valley brought about endemic windthrows and wind brakes North of Vaideeni. This phenomenon affected a 7.5 ha area and 215 m3 of wood, mainly beech but especially spruce and fir. ( pdf.)



CONSIDERATION ON THE UPPER FOREST LIMIT IN THE "MUNTII RODNEI" NATIONAL PARK

Gheorghe KUCSICSA

         Abstract: In the Rodnei Mountains, human intervention, propelled by the wish to expand the grazing and exploitation area for limiting forests, is reflected at present in the upper limit intensely lowered in comparison with the natural limit, especially in the most accessible areas. The variation in altitude of the superior limit of forests is appreciated at a medium range of 200-300 m, having elevated values on the southern slope where, on several peaks, the superior limit of forests is artificially lowered up to 1,100-1,200 m in altitude. ( pdf.)



THE CONTRADICTIONS OF THE RELAUNCHING OF THE POPULATION FERTILITY INDICATORS IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE

Ionel MUNTELE, Raluca HOREA-SERBAN

         Abstract: This study is part of the theoretical substantiation of the research program afferent to contract no. 1007/2009, code CNCSIS ID-1987 (entitled The quality of transport infrastructure as a premise of the differentiation of rural areas in Moldova). The starting point is the finding that Romania is one of the few European countries in which the relaunching of the demographic indicators of fertility has not been very obvious during the last years in spite of the efforts of implementing policies that are trying to be "friendful" to families. The study attempts at grasping the territorial differentiations brought about by the change of the demographic behaviour at the national and European level. It also comprises a comparative analysis between Romania and Ukraine, two neighbouring countries with considerably different evolutions in this context. The differences that have been noticed, generally in disfavour of Romania (and especially of the traditionally prolific areas in the North-East of the country) can receive diverse explanations that refer both to the diminution of the baneful effects of the transition to a market economy and to the erosion of the demographic vitality due to some strong emigration flows especially after 2001. The study is also intended to go thoroughly into the conclusions extracted from some pertinent analyses conducted by researchers abroad (Haub, 2009; Caltabiano, 2009 etc.), which certify a clear differentiation at the national level within Europe, especially between the South and North part of the continent. ( pdf.)



EXTERNAL MIGRATORY DYNAMICS OF THE ROMANIAN POPULATION AT THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY DETERMINED BY THE CHANGE OF RESIDENCE

Marcu STASAC, Marius I. STUPARIU

         Abstract: The present paper analyses the definitive external migratory dynamics of the Romanian population determined by the change of residence before and after the Revolution in December 1989, respectively between 1980-2006. In order to highlight this phenomenon better, we analysed the evolution of the number of emigrants, then we highlighted the destination countries of emigrants, as well as the analysis of the structure of population involved in the migratory phenomenon, especially the structure of the emigrants according to the two genders, age groups and their ethnic structure. ( pdf.)



GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL ISSUES WITH IMPLICATIONS IN TERRITORIAL EVOLUTIONS OF THE PESTIS

Rodica PETREA, Emil Paul OLAU, Lucian BLAGA, Valentin NEMES

         Abstract: Pestis is one of the three villages belonging to the city of Alesd, the pole of the Territorial Development Planning Unit Valea Crisului Repede. First mentioned in a 1302 document, in its first stage of development, the village was lying at the confluence of Pestis, Sinteu and Morii Valleys in Lugasului Hills. Its population has grown steadily, and up to 1870, was larger than that of Alesd. With 1454 inhabitants, Pestis comes first after Alesd, followed by Tinaud and Padurea Neagra, the other two components of the municipality of Alesd. The two factors that had led to the elongated form and the spreading of the settlement are the relief and the frequent flooding. This eventually generated a linear-tentacular pattern. The spontaneous expansion of the village towards south resulted in the merge of Pestis and Alesd. Due to an increase of real estate investments, more and more green fields are used to construct buildings. Following various analyses, there have been identified small areas that are suitable to future enlargements. The locations coincide with the current trend of expansion, on the Eastern riverside terrace of the Soimului Valley. ( pdf.)



SETTLEMENT AND TOPONOMY IN THE PATĀRLAGELE DEPRESSION: THE BUZAU VALLEY SETTLEMENTS BETWEEN VALEA LUPULUI AND POIENILE DE JOS. PART TWO: THE PLACENAMES

Nicolae MUICA, David TURNOCK

         Abstract: A previous paper has introduced this Subcarpathian area as one that has been well-settled since early times. But it is also evident that many settlements are relatively modern and reflect the expansion of subsistence farming from the major valleys on to the hillsides during a period of acute population pressure and economic restructuring in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Some areas used today for hay, pasture and plum orchards were well cultivated until cereal lands were acquired in the Baragan under the 1923 land reform and economic diversification accelerated after 1945. Since the documentary evidence for this important phase of development is very limited we pay particular reference to the toponomy emerging not only from large-scale maps, key texts (especially Iorgulescu's epic works of 1885 and 1892) but also a very rich oral evidence. Toponomy is therefore presented as a major source for understanding an important phase of rural settlement. But while the placenames contribute much of interest in terms of ecology and environmental potentials in the light of survival by extended families and other small communities there is little reliable information on the origins of settlement. ( pdf.)



THE SPECIFICITY OF RISKS MANAGEMENT IN THE URBAN SETTLEMENTS HIGHLY INDUSTRIALIZED FROM ROMANIA. GALATI NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLE, AS A CASE STUDY

Daniel PEPTENATU, Radu-Daniel PINTILII, Cristian DRAGHICI

         Abstract: Economic development in the communist countries had in view the industrialization of big cities, this process being followed by the attraction of flows of active population from the neighbouring areas, emphasizing the pressure upon natural and social environment. The forced industrialization determined the rapid growth of the inhabitants' number, the attracted population being concentrated in crowded districts of workers, where high rates of criminality are registered today. This article aims to emphasize the importance of integrated management models of the unbalances registered in the relationships between the components of territorial systems highly industrialized. The identification of the specificities of the territorial management models was accomplished by detailed analyses of the environment and social risks, in a city which is representative for the difficulty of managing the risks generated by industrialization. ( pdf.)



WAYS OF ANTHROPIC INTERVENTION IN THE SOMESULUI PLAIN

Grigore Vasile HERMAN

         Abstract:As a result of increasing anthropic agression on the natural framework of the Somesului Plain, this present study has the purpose of identifying, quantifying and assessment of the human settlements as ways of anthropic intervention. In order to achieve this puropose, we have tried to answer the following questions: How much?, Where?, How? and When?. Thus, in the Somesului Plain there have been identified 125 human settlements whose impact vary according to a series of parametres and indicators out of which we mention: number of population, density of population at the hearth of settlements, density of settlements, structure of the hearths etc. ( pdf.)



THE IDENTIFICATION, EVALUATION, QUANTIFICATION AND CAPITALIZATION THROUGH TOURISM OF THE AUTHENTIC RESOURCES FROM CRISANA-MARAMURES WITH THE PURPOSE OF ELABORATING A STRATEGY OF CROSS-BORDER INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH

Alexandru ILIES, Dorina-Camelia ILIES, Ioana JOSAN, Jan WENDT, Grigore HERMAN, Vasile GRAMA

         Abstract: Romania's integration in the EU is a long-term process and if considering tourism as the winning version for the national economic system, the suggested approach may be a key element. Identifying, assessing, quantifying, promoting and integrating the natural and anthropic, genuine and traditional heritage within a solid development strategy means goals and activities that are regularly structured and scientifically grounded through mechanisms and instruments accounting for such a scientific approach. Crisana and Maramures are two historical provinces lying in the North-West of Romania, that are characterized by genuineness and traditionalism starting with their composing cells known as "countries", such as Oas, Maramures, Chioar, Beius, Zarand, up to particular towns. By applying some methods and instruments scientifically tested into other areas, by promoting the local features as standard element, by identifying the specific elements and mechanisms that set up the working of the traditional territorial systems, we can create the key of a scientific approach that is well grounded and supported by theory and practice, as being the foundation for producing a strategy andsome models to give value to the identified heritage. It is a scientific approach necessary in a context where globalization is about to standardize cultural values, and in the case of the Romanian area these are still priceless and hard to identify in other European countries. ( pdf.)



THE SITUATION OF THE NATURAL RESERVATION FROM THE TERRITORIAL SYSTEM ALBAC - ARIESENI

Maria GOZNER, Maria AVRAM

         Abstract: The most important natural elements of the territorial system Albac - Arieseni are classified as reserves and natural monuments. The main environmental issues examined within the private units are related to the wood processing industry and tourism. The list of existing protected areas cover a total of 24 such units of which 23 are within the limit Apuseni Natural Park. The proposed study is an analysis of natural systems protected from the point of view of functionality and its relationship with neighboring territorial systems. Instruments making and methods used are of the literature and verified the results of which have been successfully applied in other areas. ( pdf.)