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Year IX, 1999:
EVOLUTION DU TOURISME EN ROUMANIE. PRESENT ET PERSPECTIVES.
Gheorghe MĂHĂRA, Dan PETREA, Philippe VIOLIER
Abstract: The first part of the paper presents the evolution of the touristic phenomenon from the roman period till present. It is mentioned the appearance of the first societies and touristic associations, the first-watering places, the development of touristic circulation and the evolution of accommodation facilities. A special importance is laid on the touristic policy after 1990, on dynamic of international touristic circulation, on the causes which lead to the decreasing of foreign tourists number after 1991 comparative with 1980 and on increasing number of departures after 1989. Finally the paper presents the present legislative regulations aimed to guide the future romanian tourism with a special accent on the problem of privatisation in tourism.
MESURER LA FRÉQUENTATION TOURISTIQUE, REFLEXION METHODOLOGIQUE ET EXEMPLES D'APPLICATIONS EN FRANCE
Olivier DEHOORNE
Résumé: Mesurer la fréquentation touristique. Reflexion méthodologique et exemples d'applications. Les analyses sur le tourisme reposent sur des données statistiques de qualités inégales, dont les origines et les méthodes utilisées sont souvent mal connues. Le présent article propose un tour d'horizon des différentes méthodes utilisées en France pour quantifier la fréquentation touristique en s'appuyant notamment sur des illustrations régionales et départementales. La seconde partie de l'étude met l'accent sur la méthodes la plus cohérente et globale qui s'est implantée dans le sud du pays: la méthodes dite des flux.
ROMÂNIA ÎNTRE CERINŢELE VEST-EUROPENE ŞI OFERTA TURISTICĂ ACTUALĂ
Mircea BUZA
Abstract: Romania between west-european demands and the current tourist offer. An international symposium on "Tourism and Tourist Potential in South-Eastern Europe", organized by the Munich-based “Sudosteuropa” Society in collaboration with the Institute of Regional Geography of Leiptzig and the Austrian Institute for East and South-East of Vienna, was held in Leiptzig between October 15-17, 1998. The aim of that symposium was to get knowledge of and make known the difficulties encountered by South-East European countries in the development of 2lst-century tourism and access to Europe's tourist market. As Prof. Clinstoph Backer from Germany's Trier University Institute of Geography showed, there are two categories of criteria for it: positive and negative. Here are some of the Positive Criteria: 1, attractive landscape; 2, noise-free hotel and resort; 3, pleasant and relaxed atmosphere in visited resorts and tourist localities; 4, attractive and interesting local culture; 5, kindness and correctness of the locals; 6, good ecological situation; 7, high security; 8, good tourist amenities, inclusive of order and cleanliness. Negative Criteria: 1, underdevelopment, or better said poverty; 2, cultural peculiarities and customs that tourists cannot understand, because they are not well presented by leaflets or local guides; 3, reduced tourist facilities and poor infrastructure; 4, little security and correctness; 5, unsatisfactory order and cleanliness; 6, high environmental pollution.
TURISMUL, COMPONENTĂ A DEZVOLTĂRII DURABILE. CONSECINŢELE DEZVOLTĂRII TURISMULUI ASUPRA MEDIULUI ÎNCONJURĂTOR
Mihaela DINU
Abstract: Tourism as part of sustainable development. Environmental consequences of tourism development. Since the tourism industry makes use of environmental resources (physical and economic) it ought to contribute, beside the other users, towards sustainable development. Yet, far from protecting the environment tourism generates problems by destroying the resources it relies upon. The first to put forward the concept of sustainable tourism development was academic research, subsequently upheld by various organizations and governments, too. But implementing it within the tourism industry (producers and users) proved quite difficult even in countries having a long standing tradition in the field. And this is so because the tourism/environment relationship is a very complex one and defining it calls for an integrated approach. The environmental impact of tourism shows geographical variations, depending on the nature of tourism, its temporal dimension and the type of tourist destination. At present, establishing global basic research and policy directions worldwide between tourism and sustainable development is a priority concern in Romania, too.
TURISMUL ÎN AREALE NATURALE PROTEJATE
Adrian CIOACĂ
Abstract. Tourism in protected natural areas. The violance of man-induced changes in the natural environment this century have no match in any of the previous epochs. Eventually, human society has awaken to the bleak reality that there is no longer any area on the globe left unaffected. Therefore, protecting certain natural spaces and preserving their balance has emerged as an imperative necessity. Since many areas, protected for their unicity or spledour, have been attracting increasing numbers of tourists, defending them against this new type of "aggression" is a priority task today. The present study overviews scientific research in the field worldwide and puts forward prerequisites for the practice of tourism in these areas. The author makes some suggestion on these issues in Romania, so that tourist activities, inclusive of cultural tourism, should be limited in keeping with environmental protection laws.
LES PRÉMISES FAVORABLES AU DÉVELOPPEMENT DU TOURISME DANS LES MONTS PĂDUREA CRAIULUI
Alexandru ILEŞ, Ioana JOSAN, Marcu STAŞAC
Rezumat: Premisele favorabile dezvoltării turismului în Munţii Pădurea Craiului. Situaţi în partea de nord-vest a Munţilor Apuseni, Munţii Pădurea Craiului reprezintă cea mai vestică prelungire, spre Câmpia Crişurilor, a acestei unităti majore de relief. În ansamblu, Munţii Pădurea Craiului se prezintă sub forma unei platforme, fragmentată într-o serie de culmi şi masive izolate, separate de depresiuni carstice şi văi adânci, ale căror altitudini absolute scad treptat spre nord-vest. Resursele turistice aparţinând cadrului natural sunt favorabile amenajării unei importante regiuni turistice, având în vedere si faptul că predominant este relieful carstic, spectaculos sub aspect turistic prin morfologia sa. Resursele antropice sunt prezente predominant în zona periferică unităţii montane, corespunzător ariei cu densitate mai mare a aşezărilor. Infrastructura prezintă aceeaşi particularitate, având un grad de modernizare ridicat în zona periferică, unde atât căile de comunicaţie cât şi unităţile de cazare sunt favorabile dezvoltării unei importante regiuni turistice în partea de vest a României. În concluzie, Munţii Pădurea Craiului dispun de un potenţial turistic ridicat, predominant natural, însă slab valorificat.
TURISM RURAL ŞI DEZVOLTARE LOCALĂ
Cornelia URECHE, Gabriela ROTAR
Résumé. Tourisme rural et développement local. Conçu en tant que tourisme local, le tourisme rural constitue pour le milieu rural une chance nouvelle de valoriser son patrimoine naturel, culturel et humain car il fait l'objet d'une importante demande et il est créateur d'activités et de richesses. En Roumanie, après 1989, le tourisme rural a été promu par l'Agence Nationale pour la Zone de Montagne, par l'Association Nationale de Tourisme Rural, Ecologique et Culturel et par l'organisation Opération Villages Roumains. Les deux dernières ont participé à la mise en oeuvre de plusieurs programmes de développement local par le tourisme rural. Les axes de travail ont concerné tant l'organisation de stages de formation des ruraux aux activités du tourisme que la création d'outils d'information et de promotion touristique. Tous ces projets ont eu un impact significatif dans les villages ou ils ont été soutenus par les collectivités locales et par la volonté des leaders locaux; leur succès a été moindre là oit s'est manifesté un manque d'intérêt de la part des acteurs publics et privés. Dans une situation particulière se trouvent les villages qui, initialement englobés dans le réseau touristique, n’ont plus été sélectionnés pour les programmes de développent par le tourisme rural
POTENŢIALUL TURISTIC AL STAŢIUNII MONEASA
Florian BENŢE, Olga TRIF, Claudiu FIL1MON
Abstract: The touristic potential of Moneasa Spa. The Moneasa Spa has an important touristic potential represented especially by hot springs (25-32o C), with flows between 0.4-4.4 l/s, belonging to bicarbonated, calcic and magnesic group. The usage of this potential can be traced back in the middle of the 19th century and has known a maximum utilisation after the IInd World War. Being sited in a special environment, respectively in the marginal region of Codru-Moma Mountains and benefiting of a mild temperate climate, Moneasa Spa has all the conditions that permit an adequate integration in local and national touristic circuit.
AGROTURISMUL - UN NOU CONCEPT DE DEZVOLTARE A MEDIULUI RURAL
Elena MATEESCU, Rodica OPRIŞESCU
Abstract: Agrotourism - a new concept to develop the rural environment. A sustainable development of humanity implics conservation of the natural environment. Agrotourism is a mean to complexly turn to good account the touristc potential within the rural environment with possibilities to preserve and develop the natural and traditional elements in an ensemble particularly original. The paper comprizes general considerations concerning the inter-relation environment-tourism-sustainable development, organization principles-functioning-tourism development in rural environment and the connection between agrotourism and agromsteorology.
AMENAJAREA ŞI REGIONAREA TURISTICA A SPAŢIULUI ROMÂNESC
Rodica PETREA
Résumé: L'aménagement et les régions touristiques rurales roumaines. La Roumanie détient l'une des plus riches civilisations rurales du continent. Les ressources touristiques de cette civilisation sont impressionnantes. Aujourd'hui, les villages qui conservent une philosophie exprimée dans des coutumes, des traditions, des occupations et dans le costume populaire, regroupent des gîtes et chambres d'hôtes qui sont localisées dans 13 zones touristiques, représentées sur la carte.
SATUL TURISTIC MARAMUREŞEAN
Marin ILIEŞ, Gabriela ILIEŞ
Abstract: The touristic village of Maramureş. The touristic village is representing the essence of rural way of life in Maramureş, along the history. A complex set of houses wth their anexes provides with specific elements: architecture, customs, costumes, foods, handcraft at the high standard of international tourism. It's about preserving the important anthropic touristical assets in a dynamic farm, efficient from an economical point of view.
L'IMPACT ECOLOGIQUE DU TOURISME DANS LE BASSIN HYDROGRAPHIQUE DE CRIŞUL REPEDE
Gheorghe MĂHĂRA, Ribana LINC
Abstract The impact of the tourism upon the environment in the hydrographic basin of Crişul Repede river. The factors of the environment are basic factors in promoting the touristic phenomenon as they could be favourising or restrictive factors. In this context we present the impact of the human activities upon both the natural and social environment in the hydrographic basin of Crişul Repede river. The inferior sector of the basin it is strongly polluted as result of the industrial activity. As result of the lack of the industrial pollution sources, the tourism becomes the main polluting activity in the upper sector of the hydrographic basin. As concern the impact of the touristic activity upon the social environment one could say that the scientific land management for the development of the tourism could start favorable tendencies in economic, social and cultural state of the population.
TURISM TRANSFRONTALIER MARAMUREŞEAN. CIRCULAŢIE TURISTICĂ
Nicolae BOAR
Abstract: In the first part of study, the author makes a short descriplion of the beginning and evolution of the border on Tisa river. It is spoken about the importance of the events at the end of the 1989 for the changes happened in crossing the romanian-ukraine border from its Maramureş sector. It is then analysed the cross border circulation through the two border passing places and it is also presented the future perspective for the cross border circulation and tourism.
INFRASTRUCTURES ET RESSOURCES TOURISTIQUES ANTHROPIQUES DU BASSIN HYDROGRAPHYQUE DU CRIŞUL ALB
Alexandru ILIEŞ, Sophie BILLAUD, Dorina ILIEŞ
Rezumat: Infrastructura şi resursele turistice antropice din bazinul hidrografic al Crişului Alb. Bazinului hidrografic al Crişului Alb, extins pe direcţie est-vest, pe teritoriul administrativ al judeţelor Hunedoara şi Arad, include în arealul său o mare varietate de tipuri de relief, de la câmpia joasă a Crişurilor, până în zona montană înaltă a Munţilor Apuseni, respectiv în Muntele Găina. Acest tip de relief a determinat la rândul său o mare varietate de moduri de organizare şi utilizare a acestui spaţiu. Astfel, se explică şi marea varietate de resurse turistice antropice care întregesc aspectul peisagistic oferit de cadrul natural sporind valenţele turistice ale acestui spaţiu geografic. În egală măsură este prezentată şi infrastructura, sub aspect cantitativ şi calitativ, aceasta fiind baza valorificării potenţialului zonei.
REALIZAREA BAZELOR DE DATE S.I.G. ALE ARIILOR PROTEJATE
Ionel HAIDU, Călin HAIDU
Abstract: The GIS data base performing of the protected areas. The protected areas like the botanical gardens are characterized by a lot of vegetal species having specific peculiarities. The paper emphasizes the main steps in order to set up a GIS data base and a digital atlas for the Botanical Garden of Cluj-Napoca. This protected area contains more than 10 000 vegetal taxons arid is extended over 14 ha, such that, a special data base is required. A suitable data base which can offer spatial analysis procedures is given by the SPANS GIS. This is a relational and a georeferrencied data base: The graphical data base has been set up on the topographical data of the relief and of the spatial entities. The atribut data base contains the geobotanical, chorological, pedological and topoclimatological peculiarities of the plants.
THE NATURAL PROTECTED AREAS FROM MARAMUREŞ COUNTY- THE IMPACT OF TOURISTIC ACTIVITIES AND PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
Ştefan DEZSI, Alexandru S. BĂDĂRĂU, Aurel MAIER
Abstract: The natural protected areas from Maramureş county- the impact of touristic activities and principles of developing sustainable tourism. Although in Maramureş County 20 areas or natural objectives (comprising 5002,7 ha) benefit from a protection status, the anthropic activities, in general, and especially the touristic ones, developed in this territorial frame or in its vecinity, generate a sequence of mutations -with have a negative impact upon the area ecosystems. This situation is the outcome of an inadequate territorial management, financial administration, monitorization and control, first of all due to the absence of a concrete administrative and financial support and to a partial legislation, in a large extent inoperative. On the other hand, due to the of the actual reservations system's inability to cover the increased number of territories characterized by outstanding touristic resources, other 23 similar objectives have been introduced on the "waiting list" in order to be declared protected areas. Within this context, after a survey of the modalities regarding the reduction of the negative effects caused by tourism, the main principles and measures which must to constitute the foundation of the tourist development and systematization projects have been brifly highlighted, with a view to protect and preserve the landscapes, biodiversity and, implicitly, the extent of touristic attractiveness.
TULCEA - POARTA TURISTICĂ A DELTEI DUNĂRII
Felicia VASENCIUC, Carmen DRAGOTA, Elena MATEESCU
Abstract: Tulcea - touristic gate of the Danube Delta. Tulcea, the city at the foot of the seven hillocks is the entrance gate to the Danube Delta Reserve of the Biosphere. The rare species of the flora and fauna are cited, and finally several mare interesting routes to get into the mirific landscape of the Danube Delta are recommended.
VARIABILITATE ŞI PREDICTIBILITATE CLIMATICĂ A NEBULOZITĂŢII ÎN LUNA AUGUST LA MANGALIA
Ana ŞERBAN, Corneliu POP
Abstract: Cloudiness climatic variability and predictability in august at Mangalia station. This study has been worked out both in the theoretical interest of studying cloudiness, which has not been tackled so far by seasonal forecasts and for applicative purposes connected to preparations for the total Sun eclipse event on August 11, 1999. There were established forecast indexes for the cloudiness share, on the grounds of the seasonal circulation structures. As compared to other meteorological stations, local conditions along the litt oral with the clay-time breeze which increases the stability of thermal stratification in the vertical lead to a lesser predictive potential in association with large scale, atmospheric circulation. This peculiarity of the climate along the littoral resulted in clear sky preservation on eclipse day too, which confirmed the highest probability for clear sky, as had been announced in the informative Bulletin issued by the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology via Internet.
DESPRE OPORTUNITATEA INTRODUCERII ÎN CIRCUITUL TURISTIC A UNOR OBIECTIVE ECONOMICE DEZAFECTATE. STUDIU DE CAZ - EXPLOATAREA DE SULF DIN MUNŢII CĂLIMAN
Iulian DINCĂ
Abstract: About the opportunity of introducing in the touristic circuit of some defective economic objects. Case study - the sulphur exploitation in Căliman Mountain. The study has in view to prove that the touristic dowry may also include the anthropic elements, which illustrates the industrial activity, objectives that deeply affected the local landscape and the physiognomy of the territory. It's also the situation of sulphur exploitation in Căliman Mountain which heing stopped "offers" a destructive saddening landscape, "capable” through a professional organization to realize the attraction for the specialty tourism. This offer is relied on the capacity of accomodation with the architecture with mountain specific, the modem road of access to Vatra Dornei station, the morphologic particularity extremely attractive (career with work steps, specific rocks), the dispersed settlements and the local habits on the Negrei Şarului Valley.
STÂNA DE VALE - CARACTERISTICI CLIMATICE FAVORABILE ACTIVITĂŢII TURISTICE
Carmen DRAGOTĂ, Felicia VASENCIUC, Elena MATEESCU, Zoe RĂTOIU
Abstract: Stâna de Vale - Climate characteristics favorable to the touristic activity. The paper aims at elaborating a brief characterization of the climate conditions specific to Stâna de Vale balneoclimatic and touristic resort over the whole of its observations period-starting with 1979 (when the meteorological station was setup). There are revealed the main meteorological elements through their monthly and yearly values, which have peculiar practical importance for the touristic and watering activity, a climatic support for the sustainable development of the area.
ZONELE NATURALE PROTEJATE DIN JUDEŢUL BRAŞOV ÎN CIRCUITUL TURISTIC
Adrian CIOACĂ, Mihaela DINU, Elena NICULESCU
Abstract. Protected natural zones open to tourism in Braşov County. Early concerns for the protection of nature with Braşov county's inhabitants have been stimulated by the wide diversity of natural conditions and people's traditional cult for their very generous natural environment. At the same time, love for nature has led to the development of intense week-end tourism within an organized framework ever since late 19th century. Moreover, the Braşov county authorities had already issued several administrative decisions for the protection of nature, simultaneously with an instructional - educational school curriculum to this effect. And tourists used to observe them. In this country, concerns for establishing nature reserves has prevailed over recreational - tourist preoccupations. In time, however some reserves' state of equilibrium has been shaken under increased tourist pressure. In view of this situation, we have been undertaking stagemise investigations for over two decades. We would like to acknowledge the support received from the Braşov County Council -a body intensely preoccupied with the conservation of protected natural zones - in finalizing this study. The authors have analyzed the importance of Braşov county's nature reserves for the conservation of the natural genofound and for the ecological education of tourists visiting them. Suggestions for protection measures and means to provide qualified guides to tourist groups conclude this paper.
VALENŢELE TURISTICE ALE RELIEFULUI DIN BAZINUL CRIŞULUI ALB
Rodica PETREA, Luminiţa PÂLE
Résume: Les valences touristiques du relief du bassin -versant de Crişul Alb. Le bassin -versant de Crişul Alb possède un potentiel touristique peu connu, concentré dans deux zones: Bulzeşti-Vâlcan et Moneasa. Bien qu'il possède des formes variées de relief, le relief montagneux se détache par une spectacularité particulière: des abrupts, des crêtes, des gorges, des défilés, des grottes et des formes volcaniques.
STAŢIUNEA BALNEOCLIMATERICĂ OCNA ŞUGATAG. O SCURTĂ ANALIZĂ
Nicolae BOAR
Résumé: La station balnéoclimatérique Ocna Şugatag. L'auteur fait une courte caractérisation de la station balneoclimaterique Ocna Şugatag. Puis, on fait une étude de la circulation touristique en ce qui concerne le nombre des touristes et l'évolution des personnes qui concerne le nombre des touristes et l`évolution des nombres des personnes qui logent la station (chaque arme), On étudie l'areal de provenance des touristes et le catégorie de population d'où ils proviennent. Finalement,on présent quelques conclusions et quelques propositions pour le développement de la station.
CULOARUL RUCĂR – BRAN ÎN CIRCUITUL TURISTIC ACTUAL
SANDU Dumitru Cristinel
Abstract: The Passageway of Rucăr-Bran in the present tourist circuit. The analysis of the contemporary tourist phenomena cannot be done without pointing out the natural, economic and historical factors as following: the natural factors, the relief. It represents the necessary background in order to carry on all human activities including tourism too, as a synthesis of the paléogeography evolution of the passageway of Rucăr-Bran. The "carstic" phenomena are often present, however an advanced "carstic" as a result of the hydrographical to in department of Dâmboviţa. Out of the rich "carstic" phenomena we can mention. The gorges enclosed to the department of Dâmbovita and its tributary streams. The grottoes - among which the most explored are the gorges of Dâmboviţa and Dâmbovicioara. The "poli" - The most well known are located at Podul Dămbovitei.
The Climatic Conditions. They have also contributed to an early and permanent humanisation at about 1350 m altitude of fact which favored the practice of tourism during all seasons. The Rivers. They represents a natural premise for the development of tourism, taking into account both the value of landscape and the practice of sports and pleasure fishing.
Flora and fauna. They complete the various range of tourist natural resources as result of the prevalence of the forestry structures. So, we can notice, to what degree, the natural background represents an invaluable premise in order to put intro practice tourism (its occasional and transit aspects). Its components also have huge possibilities in order to be capitalized in the future, but in an adequate measure; not to give rise to disorders in the equilibrium and existence of the environment.
Socio-economic and historical factors. Tourism is of great importance to us because of its innate value taking into account the organization under the presence of the natural resources. The landscape intensely humanized the spreading on the household as pact of settlements located to high altitude - Ciocanii, Şimrea and Fundata etc.
The country like techniques posses besides the folklore customs a valuable tourist charm : "morile de apă", "pivele", "dărstele", "joagărele"; customs like both wedding death, winter customs, pastoral activities.
The Material Background. The accommodation areas represented by specialized units, such as inns hotels and household of the population have genuine possibilities (in order) to be scattered.
The accommodation areas in the specialized accommodation units count about 265 places at the inns: Bran, Piatra Craiului, Castelul Bran, The Brusturet Chalet.
More than 1000 rooms represents a valuable source proper to the flourishement of tourism, as part of the individual forms.
The Lines of Communication. Factors of major importance are represented by the trans-carpation route: Stoeneşti-Mateiaşi-Rucăr-Bran (DN 73), but also by the tourist paths maintained in good condition.
In order to develop tourism in the future in the passageway of Rucăr-Bran we have to impose the following measures: To readopt the tourist activities all along the passageway by outlining the economic agropastoral and tourist aspects in the "carstic" area. To arrange properly the grottes: Urşilor; Ulcele, Dâmbovicioara.
To extend the capacity of accommodation settlements in the present units, to build motels, and inns at Sirnea, Posada, Pecineagu. To advert properly the present tourist potential in the national and international circuit.
To include the Foundation like a national health resort by means of equipment and investments economically authorized. To educate tourists in order to preserve the environment, to avoid local lack of balance which can have negative impact upon some geographical components.
NECESITATEA RESTRUCTURĂRII URBANE SUB IMPACTUL DEZVOLTĂRII ACTIVITĂŢII TURISTICE
Elena BOTEZAT
Abstract: The necesity of urban restructuration under the aspect of touristic needs. It's well - Known that tourism in cities is mandays an usual faci. The increase of this brauch of tourism required a lot of measures to turn the city into a "hospitable house". In the same time all the transformation must do in such a manner to preserve "the soul of the city", because "it contains like the lines of a hand, writlen in the cornier of the struts gratings of the windous, the tanistors of the step, the antennae of the light mingrods, the poles of the flags, every segment morked in the with scratches, indentations, scrolls".
ASPECTE ALE ANALIZEI DIAGNOSTIC ÎN UNITĂŢILE DIN TURISM
Dorina LEZEU
Abstract: Some aspects of diagnosis analysis in tourism units. Only the management can explain voley a country is rich or poor. For implement a solvable strategy, we must have a detailed diagnostic of the economic situation. In tourism, we meet a lot of particularities who make the analysis more complicated but very exciting in the same time. The theme is new because generally strategies in tuourism are insufficient treated and the article try to show how can and must be approach the strategic diagnostic in tourism.
PUNCTELE SENSIBILE IN CALITATEA SERVICIILOR HOTELIERE ŞI DE RESTAURAŢIE
Ada Mirela TOMESCU
Abstract: Weak points in the quality of hotel and restaurant services. It is needed to identify in a process strengths and weaknesses. The concept "throw the baby out in the water" is too arbitrary for the world of services and does not solve the problem of business survival or development on a competitive market. A proper development in terms of high quality is almost impossible without understanding planning and designing the process involved in service. The design of the process must be capable of handling the increasing level of compatibility. Quality management can improve the quality of the services and reduce the direct cost associated with poor quality.
POSIBILITĂŢI DE UTILIZARE A INTERNETULUI ÎN ACTIVITATEA DE TURISM
Naiana ŢARCĂ
Abstract: The multimedia possibilities of the WWW technology are used among other things in tourist activities. On the Web is practiced the "virtual tourism " specially developed for "long distance" trips which often becomes a real trip planning. The exponential growth of the Web has oriented a lot of companies, especially in tourism branch, toward a profitable activity: advertising and electronic marketing.
ASPECTE ALE ORGANIZĂRII PARCURILOR TEMATICE ÎN EUROPA
Alina BĂDULESCU, Daniel BĂDULESCU
Abstract: Aspects concerning the organisation of thematic parks in Europe. defined as "large scale amusement or leisure parks ", thème parks now feature among Europe's foremost day-trip destinations. This paper examines the history and geografical distribution of thème parks in Europe, their istinguishing characteristics as visitors attractions, the design and management of theme parks, the impact of theme parks on European tourism.
IMPORTANŢA CONCEPTULUI DE DEZVOLTARE DURABILĂ A TURISMULUI LA NIVEL LOCAL ŞI REGIONAL
Călin GURĂU, Olimpia BAN
Abstract: The importance of the concept of sustained development of the tourism at local and regional level. Tourism has developed rapidly over the past 40 years. By the turn of the century tourism is expected to become the world's leading single economic activity. According to most global forecasts it is likely to continue to develop in the future as more people seek opportunities for leisure and recreation away from their places of residence. Is there in fact any limit to the future expansion of tourism? The expansion of tourism has a profound effect on many destination areas. Encompassing a multitude of activities from transporting to feeding people, the social, economic and environmental effects of tourism are many and varied. In some areas it has revitalized local economies whilst in others it has destroyed them; in some areas it has reinforced local identity whilst in others it has destroyed customs, traditions and social relations; in some areas it has helped protect environmentally sensitive areas whilst in others it has wrought havoc with local ecosystems and local resources. Great concern has recently been expressed about the effects of human activities on environmental resources and the long-term effect of pursuing development patterns which affect the environment and, ultimately, threaten human activities. The concept of sustainability has gained much support, in this respect, as a means of re-establishing the balance between economic, social and environmental goals in a long-term perspective. The following questions may be raised concerning tourism, given the close relationship that exists between environmental quality and tourism development. Is tourism sustainable? What are the costs and benefits of tourism development? What contribution can tourism make to the local economy, culture and environment? The present paper attempts to answer to some of these ' questions, exploring the policy issues involved and the tools and mechanisms used when promoting a policy of sustainable development.
RESURSELE UMANE ŞI MANAGEMENTUL SCHIMBĂRII - FACTORI ESENŢIALI ÎN DEZVOLTAREA ORGANIZAŢIILOR
Maria-Madela ABRUDAN
Abstract: Human resources and the management of change – main factors in the developing process of the organisations. Today, organizations can no afford to ignore the human element as part of change process. All change in organizations is about people. Technological changes include a people element product design or improvement is likely to affect those who have to manufacture those products. Changes to services provided or markets served will have an influence on members of the organization. Many managers, while accepting the overall argument about the need for change in organizations during these years and the development of new organizations structures and management styles, would like to see some beef. It is common belief that there is a lack of adequate guidance on how to transform an organization and its employees, at all levels, in this direction. To be able to manage change effectively, organizations need to be able to go through a process of identifying possible faults, looking at alternatives to the current situation, weighing up the pros and cons of these alternatives, reaching decision on the future state of the organization, and implementing the necessary change. This clear-cut and simplistic summation belies the pain and suffering that is often caused by the instigation of change. The resentment that is often felt during the management of change is not resentment to change per se but to the processes by which it is managed. Where people are involved, the potential for pain and the like hood of resistance are increased tenfold.
CAZURI DE SUCCES DE DEZVOLTARE LOCALĂ ŞI A TURISMULUI IN ŢĂRILE EUROPENE
Elena Marilena PORUMB, Iulia PLATONA
Abstract: Successful tourism development in European countries. Many tourism businesses are reluctant to adopt new technologies because may involve very high cost for new hardware, new software, and technical support. Fear of change cannot be ignored as a factor. Firms that fail to adopt new technologies will eventually find themselves being bypassed by potential customers. If we want to encourage the adoption of new technology, several tactics need to be used: more research is needed on the barriers to adoption of new technology. The distribution and development of best-practice case studies are the important part of the strategy that will help convince some owners and operators to adopt new tools. Workshops and seminars, offered at cheap prices and convenient locations by reputable and objective organizations may also help.
UTILIZAREA INSTRUMENTELOR INFORMATICE PENTRU REALIZAREA PREZENTĂRILOR PUBLICITARE TURISTICE ŞI VIZIONAREA ACESTORA PE INTERNET
Naiana ŢARCĂ
Abstract: The use of technical devices for advertising touristic activities and the possibility of searching them on the internet. As a fact of the Internet existence and of the exponential rate of it's users increasing, any company or tourist agency, no matterhow big or how great is the amount of it's profit, can benefit from the efficiency of the dvertising spots. This is because the prices are incomparable lower then those of the television, and also, on the Internet it can be assured 24 ours of uninterruptible presence.
CONCEPŢIA ŞI REALIZAREA VOIAJELOR FORFETARE
Alina BĂDULESCU
Résumé: La conception et la réalisation des voyages à forfait. Cette ouvrage présente les principales étapes et difficultés du processus de création de voyage à forfait: le choix de la destination et du mode de transport, le choix de l'hébergement et des prestations annexes, le cycle des opérations du producteur, la politique de distribution des producteurs de voyages.
DEZVOLTARE DURABILĂ PRIN TURISM CULTURAL
Olimpia BAN, Călin GURĂU
Abstract: Sustained development through cultural tourism. The sustainable development has become a very well known concept in tourism. The central idea of sustainable development as it was promoted by the International Union for Environment Preservation is: "all the resources must be explored so much so that the future generation can use them”. An area can assure itself a sustainable development by cultural tourism much more than by other tourism forms because of nature of resources requested by cultural tourism. It's notice, a perfect synchronize between the sustainable development principles and successful elements of cultural tourism development, tourism what will become a major activity in future.