Design, maintenance and update by:
Grigore HERMAN
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Year II, 1992:
CONŢINUTUL ŞI TIPOLOGIA CATEGORIEI DE PRAG GEOMORFOLOGIC
Dan Petrea
Abstract: Content and typology of the category of geomorphological threshold. According to the systems approach in geomorphology the problem of the geomorphic is extremely important into the landforns. Therefore the most widely-known oppinions on the concept are reviewed and the author`s own point of view is stated. Some consideration about the system`s complex response related to the geomorphic thresholds are brieflv exposed and finalily a typological pattern of the thresholds is suggested.
ASPECTE COMPARATIVE ALE GLACIAŢIEI ACTUALE DIN MUNŢII ALPI ŞI ARHIPELAGUL SVALBARD
Petru Urdea
Abstract: Some comparative aspects related to present-day glacial phenomena in the Alps mountains and Svalbard Archipelago. Comparative aspects of present glaciations in the Alps Mountains and is Svalbard Arhipelago. On the base of the comparative analysis of present glaciation’s manifestations forms in the Alps Mountains and in Svalbard Arhipelago, -i.e. the limit of perennially snows, the type of glaciers and their extent, their position and role important for the appearance of some distinct landscapes, the two regions. In the Alps Mountains, where we find temperate glaciers, glaciers constrained by topography dominate the landscape. In Svalbard the subpolar glaciers belong to an original landscape where we can find both glaciers uncontained by topography and glaciers constrained by topography and the conclusion is that we can talk about a Svalbard glaciations pattern.
DEALURILE SAU CÂMPIA MARGHITEI?
Nicolae Josan, Ribana Linc
Résumé: Les Collines ou La Plaine de Marghita ? La présente ouvrage se propose de mettre en évidence l`espace située entre la Vallée de Barcău au sud-est et la Vallée d`Ier au nord-ouest. Mais sa position dans les cadres des unités de relief de l`Ouest de la Roumanie est assez confuse. C`est ainsi qu`on impose le problème de l`encadrement de cette espace soit aux collines soit aux plaines, parce que son altitude absolue (180-200 m) se trouve, morphosémantique, à la limite de ce deux grandes catégories de relief. Mais, l`analyse du relief de cette région doit faire également en corrélation avec l`évolution de toute région des pieds des Monts de Plopiş jusqu`au contact avec la plaine de basse. Dans ces conditions, l`interfluve Barcău-Ier a évolue sous la commande des deux rivières. C`est qu`on explique son inclinaison générale de NE au SO (de 220 m à 180 m), bien que son altitude relative se maintient presque constante rapporté à Barcău et à Ier. Tandis que sur les rivières principales se formaient des terrasses ou des complexes terasses-glacis, sur les rivières secondaires se développèrent des glands. Soutenir les aspects morphographiques par les éléments morphographiques obtenus a l`aide des cartes de la profondeur de la fragmentation et des pentes et par l`utilisation des terrains nous permet encadrement de l`espace d`entre Ier et Barcău dans la catégorie des plaines hautes. De cette manière, nous allons people appeler cette région „La Plaine haute de Marghita”, nom dû à la ville remplacée au contact de celle-ci avec la Vallée de Barcău.
CONSIDERENTE GEOGRAFICE PRIVIND LIMITELE SI ÎNCADRAREA DEPRESIUNII ŞIMLEULUI
Florian Benţe
Abstract: Geographical aspects related to limits and position of Simleu depression. The Şimleu depression is situated of the Western Mountains, presenting a vast outward opening. The crystalline hills of Şimleu and Coşeiu, under 600 meters high, crossed by waterways under the form of narrow passes, represent the limit of the whole group towards the other components of Silvania hills. The relief of the depression gradually slopes down from the mountainous area of Plpiş and Meseş towards the wide meadows and terraces of Barcău, Crasna and Zalău. The local relief differentiations are followed by modifications of the other elements belonging to the geographical landscape.
OBSERVAŢII ASUPRA FENOMENELOR GEOMORFOLOGICE DE RISC ÎN SECTORUL CAII FERATE SALVA – VIŞEU
Ioan IRIMUŞ, Sanda Zemianschi
Abstract: Some observations regarding natural risk phenomenon along Salva – Vişeu rail-way. The aim of our study was to identify the actual and potential natural risk because of Salva-Vişeu rail-way placing and subsequent geotechnical works. From the beginning, we had in view the following directions:
- the morphographical and morphometrical study of this region
- the morphological study together with a synthetic geologic, geomorphologic map.
- the map of the natural risk which contain the dynamical features of the territory and also the risk category as it follows:
- appearantly unaffected territory by movements (without risk); - territory affected by diffuse manifestations (weak risk); - territory affected by movements with very high amplitude (very high risk).
MORFOLOGIA REGIUNII CARSTICE BĂIŢA-VĂLIŞOARA DIN MUNŢIII METALIFERI ŞI POTENŢIALUL SĂU ECONOMIC
Alexandru Ilieş
Résumé: La morphologie de la région karstique Băiţa-Vălişoara des Mont Metaliferi et son potentiel économique. On propose d`analyser toute une série de problèmes qui se referant à l`exokarst et à l`endokarst, en y ajoutant le potentiel économique. Dans la première partie, nous présenterons l`exocarst: des lapies, dolines, gorges, défiles, vallées sèches, puis leur position et les caractéristiques morphométriques. La deuxième partie s`occupe avec le problème de l`endokarst mentionnant qu’il est peu connu encore aujourd`hui. Et la dernière partie présente le potentiel économique qui a un poids plus réduit; on remarque seulement le potentiel forestière, industriel et touristique.
PIEMONTUL BOTIZEI . STUDIU GEOMORFOLOGIC
Nicolae Hodor
Abstract: Botizei Piedmont. Geomorphological study. Among the volcanic-sedimentary piedmonts of Maramureş, the region between the valleys of Ieud and Slătioara represents the most advanced unit. The piedmonts counterpane appears only in limited areas. An alignement of hollows, connected over low passages, limits a mild slope from the northern high piedmont at the foot of the mountain, leading to the detachment of piedmont. The aspect of narrow ridges, asymmetric as well, separated from one another by deep valleys is obvious in most areas. The piedmont has a Sarmatic-Badenian age and it is in the stage of deep breaking up.
LE REGIME EOLIEN DANS LA ZONE DE LA STATION CLIMATeriQUE STÂNA DE VALE ET SON INFLUENCE SUR LES INDICES DE CONFORT BIOCLIMATIQUES
Gheorghe Măhăra
Rezumat: Regimul eolian în zona staţiunii Stâna de Vale şi influenţa asupra indicelui de confort bioclimatic. Stâna de Vale, fiind situată într-o zonă depresionară, înconjurată de culmi muntoase, are un climat de adăpost în care vântul are o viteză şi o frecvenţă redusă pe toate direcţiile, predominând calmul atmosferic cu un procent anual de 73,2%. Datorită acestor parametri, iarna, vitezele mici ale vântului reduc la minimum numărul zilelor de disconfort prin răcire, iar în sezonul cald, deşi parametri frecvenţei şi vitezei vântului sunt reduşi, confortul bioclimatic este totuşi ridicat datorită altitudinii care, imprimă un caracter de munte staţiunii, având valori termice moderate.
UNELE ASPECTE PRIVIND POLUAREA AERULUI ÎN ZONA MUNICIPIULUI ORADEA ŞI MĂSURI DE PROTECŢIE
Valentin Vancea, Nicolae Păcală, Maria Martin
Abstract: Some aspect related to air pollution in Oradea town and some protection measures. In the research we analyze the noxes evacuated in the atmosphere by the industrial units of the town of Oradea. Between 1990-1991 all the volumes of noxes were reduced with 5% in comparison with 1989 and so for the limits under the admitted maxim concentration (CMA). In order to keep the quality of the air in the town of Oradea under CMA – provided by the existing standards in the research there are mentioned a lot of measures such as: introducing new technologies, the endowment of the polluting units with modern equipments in order to measures and the consequences of the polluting units with modern equipments in order to measures and the consequences of the noxes in the amelioration of the surveying systems and the environment by the profile units.
CERCETĂRI ECOLOGICE ÎN PROTECŢIA MEDIULUI AMBIANT ÎN JUDEŢUL ARAD
Aurel Ardelean
Auszug: In Kreis Arad sind verschiedene Aktivitaten die das naturliches Medium verdorben, und das normale Natur verhindern.
1. Die physik – chemische Analysis zeigen uns 25 grosse Fabricken die Noxen, mit Sulfatischen, dioxid. Unsere Instalationer für poluanten Agenten sind nicht sehr gross und auch nicht sehr technologisch. Die Analysis behaupten auch das saure Regen z.B. in 1990 von 104 Analysis, 20 waren sehr hoch gehoben.
2. Die Wasser sind auch nicht reinig. Es sind 180 Pollution Agenten. Von diesen Agenten 39% sind epuriert, 16% sind nur halb epuriert, 30% sind gar nicht epuriert, und das rest ist hoffentrlich reinig z.B. in die Dörfen, Semlac und Nădlac sind die Amoniakalen Residuus in Marosch Wasser gewärft, so dass die Marosch jährlich polliert ist.
3. Die Pollution der Erde is nicht so gross. Trotzden sind 2,5 ha mit Petroleum polliert und viel Erde ist mit gesaltztes wasser bedeckt.
4. Auch die Wälder sind polliert, zwar nicht sehr kräftig aber das Anfang ist schon gemacht in Vladimirescu zone.
Diese Analysis zeigt uns das Grad der Pollution in Kreis Arad, und presentiert zwar nur diese Noxen man sehr schwer zu resolwieren kömmen. Aber, Wir haben nicht eine gute Legislation, Wir haben zwei Projechten allein gemacht haben und zwar;
- ein Project für die Zarand – Gebirge die ein naturliches Park formen.
- ein Project für die Gurahonţ Zone.
MIGRAŢIILE PENTRU MUNCĂ ALE POPULAŢIEI DIN SPAŢIUL DEPRESIONAR MARAMUREŞAN. ANALIZA CONCRETĂ A SITUAŢIEI COMUNEI IEUD
Filip Ipatiov
Abstract: Migration for working activities within Maramures depression. Study case - Ieud commune. Workings flows migrations from Maramureş Depresion represent a well-known phenomenon in our country. We term it phenomenon because of its wide extension, taking into consideration that approximately 65 – 70% of the active people, especially the rural areas are practicing this activity. We can also mention that nearly the whole migrating working class is absorbed by the primary sector, especially by the agricultural activities and the area of these “oscillating” covers nearly the whole surface of the country. In this study we start from a concrete situation that can be generalized for the entire population of these regions. The main causes of these migrations are economic ones and also because of the overpopulation of this area, taking into account this situation, we have to consider in the near future the same phenomenon of seasonal working migrations as an objective necessity.
REPARTIŢIA AŞEZĂRILOR RURALE DIN BANAT ÎN RAPORT CU EXPLORAREA TERITORIULUI
Constantin Vert
Abstract: Repartition of rural settlements related to wood exploitation in Banat. The characteristics of rural economy have determined the appearance and development of human settlements in Banat closely related to the natural condition of the geographic environment out of which there have been first of all used the agricultural resources: the fertile plain and river meadow soils, the pastures and grasses in the high zone that used to offer food to the animals as well as the forests that used to offer the building material of the settlements.
CONSIDERAŢII DE GEOGRAFIE ISTORICĂ PRIVIND DEZVOLTAREA TURISMULUI ÎN ROMÂNIA
Silviu Truţi
Résumé: Considérations de géographie historique concernant le développement du tourisme en Roumanie. Le tourisme en Roumanie est très ancien, comme le montre dès l`époque romaine l`existence des stations balnéaires: Băile Herculane, Geoagiu, Călan, Felix, 1 Mai, Turda, Ocna Sibiului etc. L`occupation du berger, le charroi peuvent être considérées comme des activités économiques qui ont contribue au développement du tourisme. Au fil du temps, le territoire du pays fût traversé par des nombreux touristes roumains et étrangers. Sans avoir un caractère touristique, aux sens stricte du terme, on peut rencontrer, dans leurs ouvrages des observations sur la nature, les gens, les monuments historiques et d`art, sur les lieux traversés. A partir de l`année 1869, des associations touristiques ont été fondées pour contribuer au développement du tourisme sous toutes ses formes, surtout du tourisme dans les montagnes. Parmis les associations touristiques les plus importantes on peut évoquer : Trinitatea vremelnică (La Trinité passagère) – Bucarest, 1869 ; Societatea carpatină ardeleană a turiştilor (La Société carpatine transylvaine des touristes) – Sibiu, 1880 ; Societatea carpatină a maghiarilor (La Société carpatine des Hongrois) – Cluj, 1890 ; Societatea carpatină din Sinaia (La Société carpatine de Sinaia)- Sinaia, 1891 ; Societatea turiştilor români (La Société des touristes Roumains) – Bucarest, 1903 ; Hanul drumeţilor (L`Auberge des passants) – Bucarest, 1920, qui deviendra, en 1925, le `` Turing Club de la Roumaine`` etc.
NAŢIONALISMUL ŞI HARTA POLITICĂ EUROPEANĂ
Voicu Bodocan
Abstract: Nationalism and the european political map. Considered to be one of the most geographical political doctrines, nationalism appears in many political geography studies. Being a major force in the last two centuries, the effect of the political nationalistic movements was the continuous change of the world political map. This study is an attempt to analyze nationalism from a geographical perspective, describing his many and various forms in time and space, especially in Europe.
ŢARA MARAMUREŞULUI . ZONARE TURISTICĂ ŞI PROBLEME DE DEGRADARE A POTENŢIALULUI TURISTIC
Dorina Ilieş, Alexandru Ilieş
Résumé: « Ţara Maramureşului ». Les zones touristiques et les problèmes de dégradation du potentiel touristique. Cette ouvrage se propose à suivre la problématique des zones touristiques d`une région qui dispose d`un potentiel touristique naturel et anthropique très diffèrent. Les critères utilisés sont : la concentration des objectifs touristiques, les possibilités d`assurer les conditions des repos et du repas et de l`existence d`un réseau des transports qui doit faciliter l`accès dans cette zone. Dans cette manière, on a identifié dix zones touristiques dans lesquelles prédominent les objectifs naturels ou les objectifs anthropiques. Dans la dernière partie, on analyse les facteurs qui contribuent à la dégradation du potentiel touristique.
ROLUL FUNCŢIEI TURISTICE ÎN DEZVOLTAREA AŞEZĂRILOR RURALE CARPATICE
Nicolae Ciangă
Abstract: The role of touristic function in the development of rural Carpathian villages. The multisecular evolution of the network of rural settlements in the Carpathians was strongly modified by complex factors, physical and economical – social, which influenced it’s structure, physiognomy and functions. The development of touristic activities which has contributed to a specific turning to account of certain ``touristic resources`` from the dwelling place or estate (forms of relief, mineral water, atrophic touristic targets), has contributed to the revigoration of mountainous rural settlements, which were decades on end in a regress. These influences have turned into acceleration of the facilities, diversification of economical functions and apparent improvement of life standard.